Meaning of John 19:38

This passage describes a pivotal moment in the immediate aftermath of Jesus' crucifixion, highlighting the clandestine actions of Joseph of Arimathea. Joseph, a prominent and presumably wealthy member of the Sanhedrin, is revealed to be a secret follower of Jesus, motivated by fear of reprisal from his peers, the Jewish leaders. His request to Pilate for Jesus' body, and Pilate's subsequent approval, sets the stage for the respectful burial of Jesus, a stark contrast to the typical punishment of crucifixion victims who were often left exposed to scavengers or given a dishonorable mass burial. This act of courage, though initially veiled in secrecy, demonstrates a commitment to Jesus that transcends social standing and personal risk, underscoring the powerful, albeit sometimes hidden, impact of discipleship.

Context and Background

The crucifixion of Jesus occurred during Passover, a time of heightened religious and nationalistic fervor in Judea. Roman crucifixion was a brutal and public spectacle designed to deter rebellion. The Jewish leaders, particularly the chief priests and Pharisees, had orchestrated Jesus' arrest and trial, fearing his influence and the potential for Roman intervention if he stirred up unrest. Following the execution, Jewish custom dictated that bodies of criminals should not remain on the cross overnight, especially before a significant feast day like Passover. This detail explains why the Jewish authorities were keen for the bodies to be removed quickly. Joseph of Arimathea, being a member of the Sanhedrin, would have been aware of these customs and likely had the social standing to approach Pilate, the Roman governor, directly.

Key Themes and Messages

• Hidden Discipleship: Joseph's secrecy highlights that faith can exist even in environments of opposition and fear. His willingness to act, despite his fear, shows that genuine discipleship can manifest in various ways, not always with public fanfare.
• Respect for the Dead: In a society where crucifixion was a humiliating death, Joseph's desire for a proper burial for Jesus speaks volumes. It signifies a profound respect and honor for Jesus' person, even in death.
• Courage in the Face of Adversity: Although motivated by fear, Joseph ultimately exhibits courage by approaching Pilate, a powerful Roman official, and by taking possession of Jesus' body, which would have been politically charged. This was not a passive act.
• Fulfillment of Prophecy: The proper burial of Jesus, especially in a tomb belonging to a wealthy man, aligns with prophecies concerning the Messiah's death and burial.

Spiritual Significance and Application

This verse offers a powerful lesson in the nature of faith and discipleship. It teaches that:

• Faith is not always public: True faith is not solely defined by outward declarations but by internal conviction and subsequent actions.
• Courage can grow: Even those who initially act out of fear can be moved to courageous acts of devotion. Joseph's action, though perhaps born of trepidation, ultimately led to a significant act of honor.
• The importance of practical love: Discipleship involves tangible acts of service and care, even for those who have suffered and died. Joseph's willingness to handle Jesus' body demonstrates a practical outworking of his belief.

Relation to the Broader Biblical Narrative

Joseph's action is crucial to the Gospel narrative. It ensures that Jesus' death is not the end of the story but a necessary prelude to his burial and subsequent resurrection. The Gospel writers meticulously record the details of Jesus' burial, including the involvement of Joseph and Nicodemus (John 19:39), as this was a critical point confirming the reality of his death, which makes the resurrection all the more miraculous. It also demonstrates that even within the established religious and political structures that condemned Jesus, there were individuals who recognized his unique significance.

Analogies

One might compare Joseph's situation to a modern-day individual who, working in a secular or even hostile corporate environment, discreetly supports a colleague who is being ostracized or unfairly treated. While they may not openly champion the colleague for fear of losing their job or reputation, they find ways to offer practical support, such as sharing resources, speaking to them privately, or ensuring they have what they need. Their actions, though not always visible to everyone, are a testament to their loyalty and belief in that colleague's worth.

Relation to Other Verses

• Isaiah 53:9: This Old Testament prophecy foretells, "He was assigned a grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death, though he had done no violence, nor was any deceit in his mouth." Joseph's provision of a tomb, likely a family tomb, fulfills the latter part of this prophecy, associating Jesus' death with both the ignominy of crucifixion and the dignity of a rich man's burial.
• Matthew 27:57-60: This parallel passage in Matthew also names Joseph of Arimathea and describes him as a rich disciple who asked for Jesus' body and placed it in his own tomb.
• Mark 15:43: Mark's account similarly emphasizes Joseph's boldness in approaching Pilate.
• Luke 23:50-53: Luke's Gospel also details Joseph's role, noting he was a good and righteous man who had not agreed with the council's decision.
• John 12:42: This verse mentions that "many of the Jewish leaders indeed believed in him, but because of the Pharisees they did not confess him, lest they be excommunicated." This provides direct context for Joseph's fear and secrecy, illustrating a broader pattern of hidden faith among those in positions of influence.