Meaning of Ephesians 5:31

This verse, Ephesians 5:31, is a profound declaration about the foundational nature of marriage, echoing a principle established at the very beginning of creation and re-emphasized by Jesus Christ. It signifies the sacred bond that forms when a man and woman leave their familial origins to establish a new, unified entity. This union transcends mere companionship, representing a deep, intrinsic connection where the two individuals are so intimately joined that they are considered "one flesh." This "oneness" is not just physical but encompasses emotional, spiritual, and social dimensions, signifying a complete commitment and interdependence that supersedes all other earthly relationships.

Context and Background

Paul quotes Genesis 2:24 in Ephesians 5:31, a passage that describes the creation ordinance of marriage. This quotation serves as an anchor for his theological argument regarding the relationship between Christ and the Church, which he elaborates on in the preceding and succeeding verses. By referencing the creation account, Paul grounds the marital covenant in God's original design for humanity, emphasizing its divine institution and inherent sanctity. The immediate context in Ephesians 5 discusses the responsibilities within Christian households, placing the husband-wife relationship as a central pillar, and then extends this to the broader analogy of Christ's love for the Church.

Key Themes and Messages

The primary themes are union, leaving and cleaving, and the concept of "one flesh." "Leaving" signifies a deliberate separation from the primary familial ties, not out of disrespect, but to establish an independent household. "Cleaving" (or being united) emphasizes a strong, adhesive bond that binds the couple together, making them inseparable. The "one flesh" concept encapsulates the profound intimacy, shared life, and mutual belonging that marriage is intended to foster. It suggests a unity that is both profound and complete, making the couple a single, new unit.

Spiritual Significance and Application

Spiritually, this verse points to the sacredness of marriage as a covenant before God. It calls believers to approach marriage with the seriousness and commitment that reflects God's own faithfulness. The application involves prioritizing the marital relationship, fostering deep intimacy, and working towards a unified life in all aspects. For Christians, this union is also a powerful analogy for the spiritual union between Christ and His Church, highlighting the selfless love, sacrifice, and intimate fellowship that should characterize both.

Relation to the Broader Biblical Narrative

Ephesians 5:31 is a crucial link in the biblical narrative of God's redemptive plan. It begins with the creation of man and woman in Genesis, establishing marriage as a fundamental human institution. Jesus reiterates this principle in Matthew 19:4-6, affirming its divine origin and indissolubility. Paul, in Ephesians, elevates this earthly union to a spiritual symbol of the ultimate covenant relationship between Christ and His Bride, the Church. Thus, marriage serves as a foundational analogy that progressively unfolds the nature of God's relationship with His people throughout Scripture.

Analogies

The "one flesh" concept can be understood through several analogies:

• Two rivers merging into one: Individually distinct, they flow together to form a single, larger body of water, their original boundaries blurred.
• A potter and clay: The potter shapes the clay into a new vessel, inseparable from his design and purpose.
• A vine and its branches: While distinct, the branches are intimately connected to the vine, drawing life and sustenance from it, and bearing fruit together.
• A well-fitted garment: Two separate pieces are joined to create a single, cohesive whole that functions as one.

Relation to Other Verses

• Genesis 2:24: As mentioned, Ephesians 5:31 is a direct quotation and affirmation of this foundational verse from the creation account.
• Matthew 19:4-6 / Mark 10:6-9: Jesus quotes Genesis 2:24 to affirm the sanctity and permanence of marriage, directly addressing questions about divorce.
• 1 Corinthians 6:16: This verse also speaks of sexual union resulting in "one flesh," highlighting the profound intimacy and commitment involved.
• Ephesians 5:22-33: The entire passage in Ephesians 5 uses the marriage relationship as a paradigm for the relationship between Christ and the Church, with verses 31 and 32 being central to this analogy.
• Proverbs 18:22: "He who finds a wife finds a good thing and obtains favor from the LORD," speaks to the divine blessing and value placed upon the marital union.