Meaning of Colossians 3:12

The Apostle Paul, writing to the church in Colossae, implores believers to live out their new identity in Christ by actively embracing specific virtues. Having established in the preceding verses that believers have been "raised with Christ" and their "life is hidden with Christ in God" (Colossians 3:1-4), Paul now transitions to the practical implications of this redeemed status. The imperative to "clothe yourselves" signifies a deliberate and ongoing choice to adopt these qualities as an integral part of their character, much like putting on garments. This is not merely a suggestion but a direct command stemming from their calling as "God's chosen people, holy and dearly loved." The enumeration of compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience highlights the inward transformation that should manifest in outward behavior, reflecting the very character of God and the new life they now possess.

Context and Background

Colossae was a city in Asia Minor, and the church there likely faced challenges from both internal syncretistic philosophies that blended Jewish and pagan elements, and external pressures that might have led to pride or legalism. Paul's letter aims to correct these errant teachings by emphasizing the supremacy and sufficiency of Christ. Therefore, this passage serves as a crucial ethical section, guiding believers on how to live in accordance with their new spiritual reality in Christ, distinct from the flawed worldviews that might have been influencing them. The "chosen people, holy and dearly loved" refers to the identity of all who are in Christ, set apart by God and embraced by His affection.

Key Themes and Messages

The central theme is the practical outworking of salvation. The virtues listed are not arbitrary; they are the hallmarks of a transformed life in Christ.

• Compassion (splagchna): This Greek word carries a sense of deep, inner pity or mercy, often associated with the visceral organs, suggesting a profound emotional response to the suffering of others.
• Kindness (chrēstotēta): This refers to a benevolent and helpful disposition, a graciousness in action and attitude.
• Humility (tapeinophrosynēn): The opposite of arrogance, it involves a lowliness of mind, a proper self-estimation in light of God's greatness and one's own dependence on Him.
• Gentleness (praütēta): This denotes a meekness and considerateness, not weakness, but a controlled strength that does not assert itself aggressively.
• Patience (makrothymian): The ability to endure provocation, hardship, or delay without retaliation or complaint, characterized by long-suffering.

The command to "clothe yourselves" implies an intentional and continuous effort to cultivate these qualities, making them a visible part of one's demeanor and interactions.

Spiritual Significance and Application

This verse is foundational for Christian ethics. It underscores that faith is not merely an intellectual assent but a life-altering experience that demands a corresponding change in behavior. Believers are called to reflect the character of God, who is compassionate, kind, and patient. Applying these virtues in daily life—in families, workplaces, and community—demonstrates the reality of their new life in Christ and serves as a powerful testimony to the world. It challenges the self-centeredness prevalent in human nature and calls for a selfless, other-oriented approach to relationships.

Relation to the Broader Biblical Narrative

The call to embody these virtues is consistent with the overarching biblical narrative of redemption and sanctification. From the Old Testament's emphasis on God's mercy and faithfulness to Jesus' own example of compassion and humility, these qualities are presented as divine attributes to be emulated. The New Testament repeatedly urges believers to love one another and to live peaceably, with these virtues being essential components of such a life. This passage connects directly to the "fruit of the Spirit" described in Galatians 5:22-23, which includes love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control.

Analogies

One can think of these virtues as the essential threads in the fabric of a Christian's life. Just as a well-made garment provides protection, warmth, and presentability, so too do these virtues adorn the believer, protecting their witness, fostering spiritual warmth in relationships, and presenting a pleasing appearance to God and others. Alternatively, consider a gardener tending to a prized plant. The gardener must constantly prune away weeds (sinful tendencies) and nurture the soil (the inner life) so that the desired fruits (compassion, kindness, etc.) can flourish. The "clothe yourselves" command is akin to the gardener's diligent work in cultivating the plant.

Relation to Other Verses

This verse is closely linked to several other New Testament passages:

• Ephesians 4:2-3: "With all humility and gentleness, with patience, bearing with one another in love, eager to maintain the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace." This echoes the call for humility, gentleness, and patience in interpersonal relationships.
• Philippians 2:3-4: "Do nothing from selfish ambition or conceit, but in humility count others more significant than yourselves. Let each of you look not only to his own interests, but also to the interests of others." This directly supports the call for humility and selfless concern for others.
• 1 Thessalonians 5:14: "And we urge you, brothers, admonish the idle, encourage the fainthearted, uphold the weak, be patient with all." This highlights the practical outworking of patience and kindness.
• 1 Peter 4:8: "Above all, keep loving one another earnestly, since love covers a multitude of sins." While not listing the same virtues, the underlying principle of love, which encompasses compassion and kindness, is paramount.